In observance of World Alzheimer’s Day on September 21, health experts are emphasizing the significant impact that managing preventable risk factors—such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity—can have on reducing dementia risk by up to 60%. The theme for this year, “Time to Act on Dementia, Time to Act on Alzheimer’s,” calls for urgent action to address these factors and raise awareness about dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.
Alzheimer’s, a progressive neurological condition, gradually impairs memory, cognitive abilities, and basic functions. Though it typically affects individuals over the age of 65, cases among younger people are on the rise, particularly in India, where nearly 8.8 million people aged 60 and older live with dementia, according to a recent study published in Alzheimer’s and Dementia.
Preventable Risk Factors for Dementia
Dr. Manjari Tripathi, head of neurology at AIIMS, stresses the importance of controlling key lifestyle factors to reduce the likelihood of dementia. “By managing blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, individuals can significantly reduce their risk. Addressing sleep disorders like insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea also plays a crucial role in preventing cognitive decline,” she explained.
A sedentary lifestyle, particularly in older age, can be detrimental to brain health. “Physical inactivity, not learning new skills, and passivity can accelerate cognitive decline,” adds Tripathi. Research suggests that staying mentally and physically active through regular exercise, learning new skills, and engaging in stimulating activities can greatly improve cognitive health.
Dementia in India: Alarming Trends
The prevalence of dementia in India is rising, with women more affected than men. The study revealed that 9% of females over 60 suffer from dementia, compared to 5.8% of males, especially in rural regions. With India’s aging population, the number of dementia cases could double to 16.9 million by 2036 if no action is taken.
Dr. Arindam Ghosh, a neurologist at Narayana Health in Kolkata, notes that women face a higher risk of developing Alzheimer’s, likely due to a combination of biological, genetic, and lifestyle factors. “In a country where women tend to live longer, the disparity in dementia cases is clear,” Ghosh explains.
Early Diagnosis and Intervention are Key
Early intervention can significantly slow down the progression of Alzheimer’s. The disease has three stages—early, middle, and late—with early symptoms including memory loss, poor judgment, and confusion. Early diagnosis allows for therapeutic measures that can improve quality of life.
“The sooner the symptoms are recognized, the better the chances of slowing the disease’s progress,” says Tripathi. Diagnostic tools such as neuropsychological tests, MRI scans, and biomarker tests help determine the condition’s presence, allowing for timely treatment.
Lifestyle Changes to Prevent Dementia
Experts recommend starting a healthy lifestyle by the age of 35. “A nutritious diet and aerobic exercises are vital in preventing dementia,” says Tripathi. Additionally, engaging in cognitive activities like puzzles, art, music, and learning new skills can boost brain health. “Having a purpose and staying mentally active can make all the difference,” she adds.
In summary, by addressing manageable risk factors and making proactive lifestyle changes, individuals can significantly reduce their chances of developing dementia, underscoring the message of World Alzheimer’s Day—”It’s time to act.”
Source: https://telanganatoday.com/managing-bp-diabetes-and-obesity-can-cut-dementia-risk-by-60pc-experts
